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Al Gore served as the Vice President of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He is the co-winner of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize. In the 1980s and 1990s, he promoted legislation that funded an expansion of the ARPANET, allowing greater public access, and helping to develop the Internet. ==Congressional work and Gore Bill== Gore had been involved with computers since the 1970s, first as a Congressman and later as Senator and Vice President, where he was a "genuine nerd, with a geek reputation running back to his days as a futurist ''Atari Democrat'' in the House. Before computers were comprehensible () Gore struggled to explain artificial intelligence and fiber-optic networks to sleepy colleagues." According to Campbell-Kelly and Aspray (''Computer: A History of the Information Machine''), up until the early 1990s public usage of the Internet was limited and the "problem of giving ordinary Americans network access had excited Senator Al Gore since the late 1970s."〔Campbell-Kelly and Aspray (1996).''Computer: A History of the Information Machine''. New York: BasicBooks, 298〕 Of Gore's involvement in the then-developing Internet while in Congress, Internet pioneers Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn have also noted that, 24 Jun 1986: Albert Gore introduced S 2594 Supercomputer Network Study Act of 1986〔(Roads and Crossroads of Internet History ) by Gregory Gromov〕 As a Senator, Gore began to craft the ''High Performance Computing and Communication Act of 1991'' (commonly referred to as "The Gore Bill") after hearing the 1988 report ''Toward a National Research Network'' submitted to Congress by a group chaired by UCLA professor of computer science, Leonard Kleinrock, one of the central creators of the ARPANET (the ARPANET, first deployed by Kleinrock and others in 1969, is the predecessor of the Internet). Indeed, Kleinrock would later credit both Gore and the ''Gore Bill'' as a critical moment in Internet history: The bill was passed on Dec. 9, 1991 and led to the National Information Infrastructure (NII)〔 〕 which Gore referred to as the "information superhighway". President George H. W. Bush predicted that the bill would help "unlock the secrets of DNA," open up foreign markets to free trade, and a promise of cooperation between government, academia, and industry. Prior to its passage, Gore discussed the basics of the bill in an article for the September 1991 issue of ''Scientific American'' entitled ''Scientific American presents the September 1991 Single Copy Issue: Communications, Computers, and Networks''. His essay, "Infrastructure for the Global Village", commented on the lack of network access described above and argued: "Rather than holding back, the U.S. should lead by building the information infrastructure, essential if all Americans are to gain access to this transforming technology"〔Gore, Al (1991). "Infrastructure for the Global Village"''Scientific American presents the September 1991 Single Copy Issue: Communications, Computers, and Networks'', 150〕 () "high speed networks must be built that tie together millions of computers, providing capabilities that we cannot even imagine."〔Gore, Al (1991). "Infrastructure for the Global Village" ''Scientific American presents the September 1991 Single Copy Issue: Communications, Computers, and Networks'', 152〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Al Gore and information technology」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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